Monitoring the effective population size of a brown bear (Ursus arctos) population using new single-sample approaches
TOMAŽ SKRBINŠEK, MAJA JELENČIC, LISETTE WAITS, IVAN KOS, KLEMEN JERINA, PETER TRONTELJ
Molecular Ecology, Volume 21, Issue 4, pages 862–875, February 2012
The ideal parameter for monitoring populations of conservation concern is the effective population size (Ne). It effectively summarizes both the evolutionary potential of the population and its sensitivity to genetic stochasticity.
Tracing the effective population size through time is difficult in natural populations. Here the researchers applied four new methods for estimating Ne from a single sample of genotypes to trace temporal change in Ne for bears in the Northern Dinaric Mountains. They genotyped 510 bears using 20 microsatellite loci and determined their age. The samples were organized into cohorts with regard to the year when the animals were born and yearly samples with age categories for every year when they were alive.
The researchers used the Estimator by Parentage Assignment (EPA) to directly estimate both Ne and generation interval for each yearly sample. For cohorts, they estimated the effective number of breeders (Nb) using linkage disequilibrium, sibship assignment and approximate Bayesian computation methods and extrapolated these estimates to Ne using the generation interval.
The Ne estimate by EPA is 276 (183–350 95% CI), meeting the inbreeding-avoidance criterion of Ne > 50 but short of the long-term minimum viable population goal of Ne > 500. The results obtained by the other methods are highly consistent with this result, and all indicate a rapid increase in Ne probably in the late 1990s and early 2000s.
The researchers contend that new single-sample approaches to the estimation of Neprovide efficient means for including Ne in monitoring frameworks and will be of great importance for future management and conservation.
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