A must read book for wildlife professionals and airport managers

Wildlife in Airport Environments

Preventing Animal–Aircraft Collisions through Science-Based Management

Edited by Travis L. DeVault, Bradley F. Blackwell, and Jerrold L. Belant

Hardback, 200 pages, 53 b&w illus.

Published by Johns Hopkins University Press

ISBN: 9781421410821

October 2013, $75.00

As a past aviator, I am very conscious about the danger posed to aircrafts by birds and other wildlife in the vicinity of airports. I have fascination for flying along with my deep rooted interest in wildlife as a wildlife professional. One of my friends had the windshield of his small aircraft damaged by bird during the course of his first solo flight. He got the fright of his life. Luckily he got back safely.

The other day I finished reading this wonderful book on Wildlife in Airport Environments, borrowed from my pilot friend Jacob. I found the book very fascinating and feel that it should be read by all pilots, airport managers and wildlife professionals. The book is written with inputs from USA, but it has relevance worldwide.

I am reproducing below the blurb

The pilot watches the instrument panel and prepares for touchdown—a routine landing until a burst of birds, a coyote, or a herd of deer crosses the runway! Every year, pilots experience this tension and many aircraft come into direct contact with birds and other wildlife, resulting in more than one billion dollars in damage annually. The United States Federal Aviation Administration has recorded a rise in these incidents over the past decade due to the combined effects of more reporting, rebounding wildlife populations, and an increased number of flights. Wildlife in Airport Environments tackles the issue of what to do about encounters with wildlife in and around airports—from rural, small-craft airparks to major international hubs.

Whether the problem is birds or bats in the flight path or a moose on the runway, the authors provide a thorough overview of the science behind wildlife management at airports.

 This well-written, carefully documented volume presents a clear synthesis for researchers, wildlife managers, and airport professionals. The book belongs in the hands of all those charged with minimizing the risks that wildlife pose to air travel.

Meet Christopher Golden 2014 National Geographic “Emerging Explorer”

                                                   Pic Credit: Harvard University

Dr. Christopher Golden an ecologist and epidemiologist interested in the interface of ecosystem service provisioning and human health has been named a 2014 National Geographic Emerging Explorer. For more than a decade he has been conducting groundbreaking research on ecology and public health in Madagascar. The prestigious award recognizes and supports uniquely gifted and inspiring adventurers, scientists and innovators who are at the forefront of discovery, exploration and global problem-solving while still early in their careers.

Dr Golden received an A.B. in Environmental Conservation (Special Concentrations) from Harvard College in 2005. In 2010, he received an MPH in Epidemiology and in 2011 his Ph.D. in Environmental Science, Policy and Management at the University of California, Berkeley.

Dr. Golden joined Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) in January as the organization’s Health & Ecosystems: Analysis of Linkages (HEAL) Program Director. He also has a research appointment with the Harvard School of Public Health, with which he has been conducting ecological and epidemiological research in Madagascar since 2011.

In his most recent published study that appeared in the journal Conservation Biology, Chris and his co-authors looked at the consumption of protected wildlife in northeastern Madagascar and found that diminished access to wildlife, resulting from unsustainable hunting and/or the enforcement of conservation policies, may disproportionately impact the area’s rural poor who depend on this resource. The study demonstrated the importance of developing approaches for offsetting these negative impacts on local communities while simultaneously securing a future for one of the world’s most biodiverse places.

Posted with inputs from WCS

Latest conservation drone model achieve 100KM flight distance

                                            Pic Credit: Conservation Drones.org

I believe that conservation drones will play an increasing role in the coming years.  So I glue my ears to the scene to find out what is happening. I was delighted to learn that a model developed by Keeyen Pang, ConservationDrones’ Director for Asia Operations has achieved a total flight distance of 109 km, over a period of one hour and 57 minutes. According to Keeyen this means that conservation drones are now able to cover significantly more ground when deployed for forest patrols, wildlife surveys, and land cover mapping, among other applications.

A Zeta Science FX 79 airframe with following specifications were used for the flight

Airframe: Zeta Science FX79

Autopilot: 3DRobotics APM 2.6 with external compass and airspeed sensor (3.02 firmware)

Power: 2 pieces 6S 5000 mah battery in parallel

Motor: T motor 3110-470

Propeller: APC 12 x 8

ESC: CC Edge 50 A

Radio system: Futaba 10C radio system

All up weight: 3.4 KG

Six natural treasures of Africa's Virunga park

Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo has the most biodiversity in all of Africa. Dark clouds are looming on the horizon. The park is threatened by oil prospectors.  Andy Coghlan shows us some of the unique wonders within its borders. Click HERE 

Meet Carol Ruckdeschel the wildest woman in America

The book Untamed introduces Carol Ruckdeschel, the wildest woman in America. The blurb describes her as Henry David Thoreau and Jane Goodall rolled in to one. It is the story of an American original standing her ground and fighting for what she believes in, against heavy odds

Carol is a self-taught scientist who has become a tireless defender of sea turtles on Cumberland Island, a national park off the coast of Georgia and lives in a ramshackle cabin that she built herself. Cumberland is the country's largest and most biologically diverse barrier island

The fight between a dirt-poor naturalist and the wealthiest families in America is graphically described.

·         Hardcover: 320 pages

·         Publisher: Grove Press (May 6, 2014)

·         Language: English

·         ISBN-10: 0802122582

·         ISBN-13: 978-0802122582

A plant that eats up nickel

                                          Photo Credit: Dr. Edwino S. Fernando; CC-BY 4.0

My friend from Wayand, Ramesh, is an aficionado of rare plants. Whenever we meet, he talks about plants only. The other day we met and the talk veered towards newly discovered Rinorea niccolifera that eats up nickel

It is the Scientists from the University of the Philippines, led by DR Edwino Fernando, who have discovered the new plant species that consumes nickel, up to 18,000 ppm of the metal in its leaves without itself being poisoned. Such an amount is a hundred to a thousand times higher than in most other plants.

The new species is called Rinorea niccolifera, alluding to its ability to absorb nickel in very high amounts. Nickel hyperaccumulation is a rare phenomenon.  The species was discovered on the western part of Luzon Island in the Philippines, an area known for soils rich in heavy metals.

Across the world, only about 450 species are known with this unusual trait. Juxtapose this against estimated 300,000 species of vascular plants and we get a clear picture of the rarity.

Dr Augustine Doronila of the School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, a co-author of the report says "Hyperacccumulator plants have great potentials for the development of green technologies, for example, 'phytoremediation' and 'phytomining'

There is difference between the terms 'phytoremediation' and 'phytomining. Phytoremediation refers to the use of hyperacccumulator plants to remove heavy metals in contaminated soils. Phytomining, on the other hand, is the use of hyperacccumulator plants to grow and harvest in order to recover commercially valuable metals in plant shoots from metal-rich sites.

Details of the study in the latest issue of open access journal PhytoKeys

       

The Future of Conservation

Trading charges have become routine in the conservation scenario of India. This is very evident in the recent reactions to Gadgil report and the Kasthurirangan report. Government also keeps shifting priorities and the efforts sometimes look whimsical in nature. Look at Gadgil report. Sure, it had its plus and minus points but it had this inherent corrective mechanism, under consultation clauses, incorporated in the report. This phase was never highlighted and presented before the populace by the Government. They chose the soft option of appointing another committee when the accusations and allegations came in a barrage. What was the need of wasting the tax payers’ money in this futile exercise? It is high time we took a pragmatic view of conservation instead of being burdened by past prejudices and beliefs.

The chief grouse of those nescient in the nuances of conservation is that Conservation emphasizes protection of biodiversity without paying attention to human welfare. Conservation biologists and wildlife managers have long held the view that if they can convince and get the support of people, right decisions will be made automatically under the triage they proffer for protected areas. This was all right in a situation where there was not much pressure from burgeoning population. Against the scenario of leapfrogging population and a world of millions of people demanding water, food and energy, protected areas are not going to be the panacea for the ills afflicting conservation. The designs for conservation have to be part and parcel of large, resilient ecosystems on a landscape level. How do we go about needs of breaking new grounds and reshaping long held views on conservation? The path certainly is not strewn with roses. What we need is not a reactive mode of conservation and ipso facto, should not be crisis-driven.  It should be based on perceptions and beliefs of the people that keep changing with times. Our efforts should not be one-shot efforts. It should be representative of the entire constituency (not just the vocal lobby groups). The power of belief systems and self-reinforcing social groups has to be taken in to reckoning. We may need to draft in social scientists and integrate lessons from behavioral psychology, to better understand how people change their mindset. Attempts have to focus on engineering changes rather than build barricades.  Even though conservation should take peoples apprehensions in to decision making it should not be seen as a means of increasing human well-being.

Human dimensions in wildlife research (HDWR) have not got the kind of importance it deserves in our scheme of things in India. HDWR is defined as that research which "focuses on the public's knowledge levels, expectations, attitudes and activities concerning wildlife resources and associated habitats. HDWR research looks in to the public attitudes, beliefs, and knowledge towards conservation. After identifying weaknesses in knowledge, relationships between certain beliefs and attitudes can be put under the scanner. It then becomes easy to address specific weaknesses in knowledge that are most likely to impinge on attitude. Just as the wildlife biologist assesses whether a wildlife population is increasing, decreasing, or remaining the same through a longitudinal study, HDWR research can identify, document and analyse attitudes and beliefs of the local people as wildlife populations’ increase or decrease.  Regular assessment of public attitudes, beliefs, knowledge, issues, and concerns will certainly help managers understand the effect of their actions. An effort like this would have certainly helped to avert tragedies like the one we had witnessed in Wayand. Such longitudinal HDWR research should become an integral part of of our conservation measures. As I had mentioned in one of my recent papers on Nilgiri tahr, public should be involved at the normative stage of planning (what ought to be done), strategic stage (what could be done), and the operational stage (what will be done).

Trying to thrust reports and implement it on hapless populace will not work in the years to come. Conservation has come to a cross road. This is the ripe time to forge new strategies and take level headed decisions. Science-based conservation with peoples’ participation along with poverty alleviation looks like a winning combination, but it takes lot of effort and dedication to get the right mix.

Court comes to the rescue of Canada lynx

The following is a press release from The Western Environmental Law Center.

Wildlife advocates’ win forces federal government to prepare long overdue recovery plan for threatened Canada Lynx.

Missoula, MT – In a critical win for the rare and elusive Canada lynx, a federal court in Montana found that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s 14-year delay in preparing a recovery plan for this threatened species was “unreasonable” and ordered a firm deadline for completing the federally mandated roadmap for recovery.

A coalition of wildlife advocates, represented by the Western Environmental Law Center, filed a lawsuit in March 2013 to spur the FWS to complete the required recovery plan for the cat, which was listed as threatened with extinction under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in March 2000. By the FWS’ own admission, recovery plans are “one of the most important tools to ensure sound scientific and logistical decision-making throughout the recovery process.”

Yesterday, the Court ruled in the wildlife advocates favor, finding that “The history of this case causes a certain skepticism about the agency’s self declared deadlines for initiating recovery planning.” The agency has 30 days to submit a proposed schedule for completion of the recovery plan.

“It’s long overdue,” said Matthew Bishop, an attorney with the Western Environmental Law Center who represents the coalition. “A delay of a year, two or even three might be reasonable given other priorities or a heavy workload, but not 14. At some point in time, the court has to step in and say enough is enough. Fortunately, that’s what they did in this case,” Bishop added.

“We are pleased that the court recognized how important these plans are to prevent the extinction of lynx,” said Arlene Montgomery, Program Director for Friends of the Wild Swan. “Finally the Fish and Wildlife Service can get down to identifying and reducing threats to the cats’ long term survival.”

The Western Environmental Law Center is representing Friends of the Wild Swan, Rocky Mountain Wild, San Juan Citizens Alliance, and the Biodiversity Conservation Alliance.

Want to have a look at the court order? Click HERE

Amazing rock climbing feat by Mexican black bears

Cascading effects of loss of large mammals

A study by Scientists from Bard College and the University of California, Davis, has come up with the finding that the loss of large mammals has cryptic consequences for African savannas and the people and animals that depend on them.

The scientists experimentally removed large grazing mammals from plots of savanna land in Kenya. The results were very disturbing. Populations of a small mammal, the pouched mouse, doubled. The mice attracted venomous snakes like the olive hissing snake. It also caused extensive damage to tree seedlings.  The flea and tick populations exponentially increased which in turn potentially increased the risk of transmission of flea- and tick-borne pathogens.

Details of the study appears in the latest issue of journal Bioscience

Pine martens makes a comeback in south of Scotland

                                          Pic credit: SNH &VWT

A Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) study, with The Vincent Wildlife Trust (VWT), has reported that pine martens have starting to re-colonise the south of Scotland after being absent there for nearly 200 years.

Pine martens were once abundant in UK, but suffered a collapse in the 19th century due to woodland clearance, trapping for fur, and predator control measures by gamekeepers.

VWT survey coordinator Lizzie Croose described the discovery of the rare animals as "significant".

SOS Freedom

 SOS (Save Our Species) has established a collaborative programme with Jacques Olivier of FREEDOM films and events. The association will work for species conservation and aims at inspiring people of all ages to reconnect with nature. 

Jacques Olivier is an inspirational person. A falconer since an early age he has developed “Les aigles du Léman” in Haute-Savoie, France. Here he perfects a technique to teach adult captive eagles how to fly and hunt for themselves.   A stunning film of his project to reintroduce the white tailed eagle to the Alps is due to be released later this year. Here is a remarkable film footage

Posted with inputs from IUCN SSC

Amazing videos of a pod of dolphins protecting a New Zealand swimmer from a great white shark

Adam Walker spotted the shark underneath him while swimming the Cook Strait. His swim was to raise money for the Whale and Dolphin Conservation.  A pod of 10 dolphins started swimming with him soon after.They stayed next to him until the shark swam off.

Walker wrote on Facebook “"I'd like to think they were protecting me and guiding me home!!!"

Wildlife crusader Suren Gazaryan wins Goldman Environmental Prize

It is not every day that we hear about a scientist taking on the mighty and powerful and come up as a winner. Dr Suren Gazaryan, a bat scientist did exactly that. He fought for the dwindling forests of the Western Caucasus, taking on the powerful in Russia. DR Gazaryan has been awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize for his wonderful contribution to conservation. We salute this brave fighter.

Creating awareness and support for Indian wildlife - Rahul Kumar

This is a repost from IUCN website. We hope this article would act as an inspiration for other budding conservationists.

21-year-old Rahul Kumar is a dedicated undergraduate Biology student from India. He has worked with several organizations in his home country to protect wildlife and create better practices for conserving natural habitats and resources. His project, an online platform to create awareness and public support for wildlife issues in the state of Bihar, India, was one of the winners of the 2013 CoalitionWILD Wilder World Challenge. He is now a CoalitionWILD Ambassador.

CoalitionWILD is an exciting ongoing program to inspire and empower younger generations into the future. As a movement of rising leaders creating a wilder world, the initiative promotes successful projects via a website (www.CoalitionWILD.org) and acts as an action catalyst as well as an inspirational hub for tomorrow’s leaders.

Rahul is definitely one of these inspirational young leaders, with his website that engages more individuals into protecting nature in India and functions as a central information source and platform for public participation, connecting communities throughout the country. Ensuring that local wildlife concerns are thoroughly documented and highlighted with regular updates is the main goal of the website. Additionally, it will allow anyone to report illegal activities, seek assistance in case of an emergency (rescue or treatment of wildlife), as well as increase awareness for local environmental campaigns.

Working in wildlife projects since high school, Rahul has also committed himself to exposing corruption, illegal wildlife trade and creating awareness of exploitive activities occurring in local communities and zoos in his hometown of Patna as well as Bihar, such as the capture of rare species of snakes by snake charmers, the illegal extraction of snake venom, and the sale of endangered species of birds. In 2012, he became a survey assistant for the Ganges River Dolphin Survey, a project from the Vikramshila Biodiversity Research and Education Center collecting information about the Ganges River biodiversity, specifically the endemic dolphin populations, and socioeconomic conditions of fishing communities. The Ganges River dolphin is classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and this project contributes to its conservation by also providing important recommendations for developing sustainable fisheries.

Exposed to the harming river management practices, last year Rahul started working on a sub-project of the Ganges River Dolphin Conservation Project named “Dolphin Mitra” or Friends of the Dolphins. This sub-project seeks to involve local fisherman in becoming active in the monitoring and reporting of illegal activities in the Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary because “it is crucial that we encourage agile participation at the grassroots level”. Creating this network of vigilant fisherman has already exposed some individuals with illegal and incredibily destructive fishing practices, such as using a mosquito net to fish, which can now be closely monitored. The network also aims to establish safer practices which are more sensitive to the needs of the endangered dolphin population.

Rahul Kumar is thus part of this new generation of conservationists tirelessly working and campaigning to induce change around the world. Although acknowledging that it’s a long road ahead, he firmly believes that the “time to begin the wildlife conservation crusade worldwide has arrived” and we shouldn’t be pessimistic because “there are infinite possibilities everywhere!”

2014 DICE MSc Scholarship

The Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE) at the University of Kent is pleased to announce the launch of the 2014 DICE MSc Scholarship scheme.

The successful applicant will receive a fully funded studentship on one of our taught Masters in our Conservation Science and Management programme. 

Deadline 13 April 2014. 

Applicants must:

• Be nationals of or have official refugee status in a country that is officially recognized as Lower to Upper-Middle Income

• Have at least two years of work experience in the conservation sector.

• Be in possession of a good undergraduate degree,

• Meet the English language requirements as required by UKBA.

Get the Full details here.  

Staying one step ahead of poachers

Protecting endangered wildlife against the onslaught of poachers armed with latest gadgets and weapons is a daunting task. There certainly is no silver bullet solution for the menace.

Technology can come in handy in staying ahead of poachers. I found this news item in Discovery describing the arsenal that can be used by wildlife enforcement officers very useful

Have a look at the arsenal HERE 

Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) and Wildlife Management

My friend James and I, had always maintained that local ecological knowledge (LEK) has a great place in the wildlife mangers’ repertoire. We very effectively demonstrated this in Eravilulam National Park, but there were not many takers for our views on wildlife management. In fact many a times we were jeered, for our pro-indigenous community slant. Against this context, I was pleasantly surprised to read a recent paper in Biological Conservation by Turvey ST, Fernández-Secades C, Nuñez-Miño JM, et al  Is local ecological knowledge a useful conservation tool for small mammals in a Caribbean multicultural landscape?, highlighting the importance of LEK.

The authors were studying the ecology and behavior of Hispaniolan solenodon (Solenodon paradoxus) and the Hispaniolan hutia (Plagiodontia aedium). Very little is known about the status, behavior and threats faced by these animals. To their surprise and delight, the researchers found that local people had a wealth of useful information about both species, and were able to identify them from photographs and even identify causes of death. The scientists were bowled over by the LEK.

The researchers write "Our results demonstrate that LEK can represent an important conservation tool for determining status and threats for a much wider range of species than the large-bodied charismatic or economically significant taxa that have been the primary research focus of most previous interview-based studies," 

So, doubting toms of the forest department go ahead and read the paper and include the views of the indigenous communities in your management plans. It is the most cost effective way of getting to know about your area, on par with scientific research.

Biological Conservation, Volume 169, January 2014, Pages 189–197

A Marsupial Frog

Here is the pic of something unusual. A marsupial frog (Gastrotheca dysprosita).
 The discovery was made in the Andes of Northern Peru.

Citations:

Duellman, William E. "An Elusive New Species of Marsupial Frog (Anura: Hemiphractidae: Gastrotheca) from the Andes of Northern Peru." Phyllomedusa12.3-11 (2013): n. pag. Web.

Pic Credit: W. E. Duellman

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s message for World Wildlife Day

Following is UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon’s message for World Wildlife Day, to be observed on 3 March:

For millennia, people and cultures have relied on nature’s rich diversity of wild plants and animals for food, clothing, medicine and spiritual sustenance. Wildlife remains integral to our future through its essential role in science, technology and recreation, as well as its place in our continued heritage. That is why the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 3 March — the anniversary of the adoption of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) — as World Wildlife Day.

Despite its intrinsic value to sustainable development and human well-being, wildlife is under threat. Some of the world’s most charismatic species, as well as lesser-known but ecologically important plants and animals, are in immediate danger of extinction. A major cause is habitat loss. Another is the increase in illicit trafficking.

The environmental, economic and social consequences of wildlife crime are profound. Of particular concern are the implications of illicit trafficking for peace and security in a number of countries where organized crime, insurgency and terrorism are often closely linked.

While the threats to wildlife are great, we can reduce them through our collective efforts. On this inaugural World Wildlife Day, I urge all sectors of society to end illegal wildlife trafficking and commit to trading and using wild plants and animals sustainably and equitably.

Let us work for a future where people and wildlife coexist in harmony. Let’s go wild for wildlife!